????5. ??β????‘/’?????β?????г????????
??????? ls ????? -F ???????????????β???“/”????????
????# ls -F
????0001.pcap        Desktop/    Downloads/        index.html   install.log.syslog  Pictures/  Templates/
????anaconda-ks.cfg  Documents/  fbcmd_update.php  install.log  Music/              Public/    Videos/
????6. ?????г????
????ls -r ???????????????????????
????# ls -r
????Videos     Public    Music               install.log  fbcmd_update.php  Documents  anaconda-ks.cfg
????Templates  Pictures  install.log.syslog  index.html   Downloads         Desktop    0001.pcap
????7. ????г?????
????ls -R ??????г????????????????????????????
# ls -R
total 1384
-rw-------. 1 root     root      33408 Aug  8 17:25 anaconda.log
-rw-------. 1 root     root      30508 Aug  8 17:25 anaconda.program.log
./httpd:
total 132
-rw-r--r--  1 root root     0 Aug 19 03:14 access_log
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 61916 Aug 10 17:55 access_log-20120812
./lighttpd:
total 68
-rw-r--r--  1 lighttpd lighttpd  7858 Aug 21 15:26 access.log
-rw-r--r--. 1 lighttpd lighttpd 37531 Aug 17 18:21 access.log-20120819
./nginx:
total 12
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root    0 Aug 12 03:17 access.log
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  390 Aug 12 03:17 access.log-20120812.gz
????8. ???????????г?
??????-ltr?????????????????????????????????????????
# ls -ltr
total 176
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 11439 Jul 31 02:13 install.log.syslog
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 48867 Jul 31 02:17 install.log
-rw-------. 1 root root  1586 Jul 31 02:17 anaconda-ks.cfg
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  4096 Jul 31 02:48 Desktop
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  4096 Jul 31 02:48 Videos
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  4096 Jul 31 02:48 Templates
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  4096 Jul 31 02:48 Public
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  4096 Jul 31 02:48 Pictures
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  4096 Jul 31 02:48 Music
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  4096 Jul 31 02:48 Documents
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 46701 Jul 31 09:58 index.html
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 21262 Aug 12 12:42 fbcmd_update.php
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root  4096 Aug 16 02:55 Downloads
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   683 Aug 19 09:59 0001.pcap
????9. ???????С????
??????-lS???????????????С??????????
????# ls -lS
????total 176
????-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 48867 Jul 31 02:17 install.log
????-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 46701 Jul 31 09:58 index.html
????-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 21262 Aug 12 12:42 fbcmd_update.php
????-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 11439 Jul 31 02:13 install.log.syslog
????drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  4096 Jul 31 02:48 Desktop
????drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  4096 Jul 31 02:48 Documents
????drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root  4096 Aug 16 02:55 Downloads
????drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  4096 Jul 31 02:48 Music
????drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  4096 Jul 31 02:48 Pictures
????drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  4096 Jul 31 02:48 Public
????drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  4096 Jul 31 02:48 Templates
????drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  4096 Jul 31 02:48 Videos
????-rw-------. 1 root root  1586 Jul 31 02:17 anaconda-ks.cfg
????-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   683 Aug 19 09:59 0001.pcap
????10. ????????????????????
????????????????????Щ???????????????????????-i??????г???????????????????
????# ls -i
????20112 0001.pcap        23610 Documents         23793 index.html          23611 Music     23597 Templates
????23564 anaconda-ks.cfg  23595 Downloads            22 install.log         23612 Pictures  23613 Videos
????23594 Desktop          23585 fbcmd_update.php     35 install.log.syslog  23601 Public