???????????????

????1991????????????????????????????о????桶21??????????????????????????????????У?????????????????????ν????Agility?????????????????????ζ?????????????????仯???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????У???????????????????????????????????????????????????????仯??????????淴???

?????仯??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????￡???????????????????????????????????CMM????Щ?μ??????????????????“???Σ??”??????????????????????????????????????????????????δ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Heavy Weight??????????????????????——??????????μ?Ч??????????...

?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Light Weight??????????????С?????????????????Ч????

???????????????????????XP??XP??Extreme Programming????д????????????????????????????XP????????????????????????????????????????????????“????”??????????????XP????????????deliberate?????м????disciplined?????????????????XP??Extreme Programming??????????????80????????Smalltalk??????90?????Kent Beck??Ward Cunningham?????????Smalltalk????????????????????????????γ?????????????????????????????????????

????XP????????????????????????communication??????????simplicity??????÷?????feedback?????????????courage?????????????XP??????????????????????????practice?????漰??????????????????????????????????????????????????XP??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????д????????????????????д?????????????????Щ?????????????????????Continuous Build & Integration????????????????????????????????????????????????????????XP?????????????????Refactoring????XP????????????????ε???????????????ε??????????????????ε????????е???????Refactoring?γ??ε?????

????2001??2?￡????????????????????????17λ????????????????????????????????Kent Beck??Extreme Programming????Alistair Cockburn??Crystal Methodologies????Jim Highsmith??Adaptive Software Development???????????????“The Manifesto for Agile??Software Development”??????????????????????????????????????????ε??????????????????????????????????????????????????Ч??????????????????????????????????????????????????????е??Щ???????????????硣

???????????Martine Fowler?????????????“The New Methodology”??????????????????????????????

???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Щ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????仯???????????????á????????????????????????仯????????????????????仯????Σ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????work with people’s nature ?????????????????????

????????????Agile Process????????????????????“????”???????????仯?????????????????????????????XP?????????????????????????

????1. Crystal

????Cystal???????????????????????????е?????????Crystal???????Alistair Cockburn??????????????????????ò?????????Alistair Cockburn???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

????Crystal????????γ???90??????????Cockburn??????IBM???????д?Щ?????????????????????????Crystal???????????Щ????????????????Cockburn???????飬??????????Cockburn????????????????Cockburn?????????????????????“???”??

??????????????????Crystal??????????????Щ??????Cockburn????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????У??????????????????????????Cockburn?????XP??????淶??????????????У???????Crystal????????????XP???????????????????á?

????Cystal????????????????Review??????????Cystal??????????????

????2. ASD

????ASD??Adaptive Software Development?????????Jim Highsmith???????????????????????????????ж???????????????о?????????????飬????????????????Щ???????????????????????????????????????

????ASD???????????????????Adaptive??????????????????????????????ASD?????????????????к????????????????????????ASD?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

????3. SCRUM

????SCRUM???????????????????????Щ??????????????????????????????“????”??????????磬SCRUM??????????????30????????????????????????????Sprint??????????15???????????????????????????????????????scrum??

????SCRUM??????????????????????????????????????Э??????????????鶼???????????????????????????????????????????

????4. FDD

????FDD??Feature Driven Development???????????Jeff De Luca??Peter Coad??FDD??OO??????????????

????FDD??????5????????????Develop an Overall Model??Build a Features List??Plan by Feature??Design by Feature??Build by Feature???????3???????????????????е???????????????????ε????????С?FDD????????????????????????????????????????????????????

??????????????????????????????????????????class?????????????????????????????????????Feature??Class?????????????????Э??????????????????????????class??????????????????

?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????δ????????????????δ???й???????????????????а???????????????????й???????“·??????????????????????”??